Traditional rolling applies only unidirectional pressure, causing layer slippage and uneven density. WIP uses a fluid medium (oil/gas) to apply 360° uniform pressure, enabling conformal contact between layers, achieving over 95% density and reducing porosity below 0.15%, significantly lowering interface resistance and improving cycle stability.

• Pressure: 200–500 MPa (200–300 MPa for sulfide systems, 300–500 MPa for oxide systems)
• Temperature: 80–150°C (typically 100–120°C for electrolyte stability and interface bonding)
• Holding time: 15–60 minutes (adjusted based on cell thickness and material system)
• Heating rate: 2–5°C/min (to prevent thermal stress damage)

• Sulfide Systems: Low temperature & low pressure (50–80°C, 200–300 MPa) to avoid decomposition and side reactions
• Oxide Systems: Medium temperature & pressure (100–150°C, 300–400 MPa) to promote particle interface diffusion and bonding
• Polymer Systems: High temperature & medium pressure (120–180°C, 200–300 MPa) to enhance densification through polymer thermoplasticity

The equipment supports precise parameter adjustment to meet multi-material production requirements.

• Over 80% reduction in interface resistance (from 10³ Ω·cm² to 10¹ Ω·cm² level)
• 2–5× increase in ionic conductivity (significantly reduced grain boundary resistance)
• 3–10× longer cycle life (effectively suppressing lithium dendrite growth)
• 10–15% higher energy density (improved volumetric energy density through material densification)